representation refers to the construction of media texts what we see is a re- representation of events, people or ideas . This is also known as mediation - the act of going between (in this case, the real world and audience.)

it is not possible for the media to present the world how it actually is because the media constructs meanings about the world.

people interpret media in different ways , depending on their cultural background, economics standings and their personal experiences.

audience members can play an active role in decoding messages of the text which has been induced by the producer.

An ideology is a world view, a system of values, attitudes and beliefs which an individual, group or society holds to be true or important; these are shared by a culture or society about how that society should function. Dominant ideologies.

negotiated - they will accept what the text is saying and adopt it according to their social back ground 

Reception theory as developed by Stuart Hall asserts that media texts are encoded and decoded. positional Reading - when the audience rejects the preferred reading, and creates their own meaning for the text. This can happen if the media contains controversial themes that the audience member disagrees with.

meaning is establish by representation by what is presented
selection-omission-construction
there are 3 steps to the journey between the real world and the reality presented by newspapers: their representation. 
newspapers and reporters are supposed to provide their readers with objective information,be unbiased,and provide reliable information.

ideology:main ideas

discourse:linked to media 
ideological discourse: communication that upholds a particular ideology
dominant ideology: believes that life by us in our day to day life 
hegemony: leadership or dominance